Sudan and the Quartet: Confronting sovereignty with pressure, out of international law context| Sudanow Magazine

Port Sudan ( Sudanow) whenever, Sudanese Amed Forces achieved victory and progress in Battel field, appear (Brokers) and appeal for 3- month ceasefire to those barbaric killing militate , who committed most horrible crimes of violating human , women and dignity, killing people and spoiling crops and followed what known '' Jeedah Agreement'' . (Sudanow) interviewed Ambassador Dr. Muawiya al-Toum Bukhari to submit analysis vision on current events.

‘’ As a background of Quarterly group’s statement issued on current 12 September accompanied by unfair punitive measures against some seniors state officials and among continuous war since 2023, International pressures are increasing via ( quartet group) of 4 states, The strange thing is what is their goal? Dr Bukhari said and continue’’ they are who appointed themselves ( its entity) as a commander to Sudanese nation and their leaderships , in a time that the Sudanese army realized remarkable victories and exert efforts to boost civilian existence and to support National Recovery As spite official statements that encourage supporting political and humanitarian settlement , reality reveals that this entity lacks to real legitimacy and its role limits only to impose its will via directive declarations in selective times and to enforce pressures on the state without any noteworthy support to the Sudanese or practical solutions recover to social rifts and catastrophic effects happened because war’’.

Dr Bukhari pointed out ‘’ In fact , the article analysis these dynamics and enlighten on the Sudanese military achievements, international pressures imposes from out-side borders for purposes that do not want peace , stability and advancement for our country reveals roles of different parties in Quartet group and its negative effects on crises path with concentrating on national sovereignty and the national option as decisive factor to any sustainable solution.

Military victories on battlefield :

Despite heinous crimes practiced by terrorist militia of Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and still continuing, recent period witnessed prominent victories by Sudanese army in Bara and other areas in western axis which showed the army’s ability to control and having initiative through battles, and protect the vital regions spite siege and international pressure. Impossibility of El- Fasher fall- of, asserted that spite intensive military operations , threats and humanitarian tragedies inside and around the city. These victories doesn’t only a symbol but also crucial support to the national sovereignty and boosting to the stat’ efforts to rebuild civilian infrastructures and facilitating the humanitarian Aid. However, international pressure on Sudan increases as the military strengthens its civilian presence or makes significant gains on land. This reflects Quartet’s attempt to control the course of events and impose its own conditions, far from reality on land, as if it wants the terrorist militia of Daglo to achieve military success after their failure spite all equipment, supplies, mercenaries, military drones, readiness, and external support it has provided. The Parallel Government and the Lack of Official Recognition.

Although the parallel government remains officially unrecognized by regional and international organizations, but some parties work with them secretly, creating a stark discrepancy between the official text and the practical reality. This discrepancy puts Sudan in front of double challenge:

1- to manage conflict internally beside preserving the unity of the state and its institutions

-2- to face foreign pressures with internal unity, as these forces attempt to exploit any ceasefire or weakness to strengthen the influence of Daglo's terrorist militias on the ground.

A parallel government without legitimacy indicates that any engagement never could be for interests of Sudanese state or people. Rather, it serves the interests of the parties supporting the terrorist militia of Daglo and their plans to divide and tear apart the country. In addition to some members of the Quartet, who consider this entity as an additional pressure tool and a support doesn’t be any attention to developments in the situation.

Quartet’s pressures and roles of parties:

Roles of each party in the Quartet are different, but intersect and agree in goal of imposing the foreign will on Sudan.

- Either it represents main sponsor and supporter of the rebellion and exploits any ceasefire or temporary agreement to strengthen the rebels’ positions, and thus enhance its influence in the conflict areas.

-Or the majority of its official decisions support the state ostensibly, but it uses pressure tools on the Sudanese government to restrict the field and political options, and impose restrictions on military movements ,that might contribute to ending the conflict quickly.

Or he plays the role of "penholder," writing international resolutions and reports that influence foreign and regional policies. This often focuses on serving the interests of foreign powers at the expense of the country's national sovereignty and security.

Or it contributed to launching ''Jeddah Declaration'' , but it did not guarantee Sudan any gains or solutions to alleviate its stumbling, while the rebels took advantage of the temporary cease- fire to strengthen their positions and harm the country.

These facts approve that quartet provide neither real nor positive support. But then concentrate to impose its will on state and nation.

It appears to be an entity controlling international will, exploiting humanitarian and diplomatic pressure to achieve its goals, but no sharing to its vision with the Sudanese leadership.

Lack of Legitimacy and practical Results:

The Quartet haven’t any real legitimacy on Sudanese land, as clears in several aspects:

1. Inability, to represent the people or the state, or impose the solutions or directives without internal cooperation.

2. 2. The absence of actual support, whether humanitarian or political, makes any formal or temporary intervention without real positive impact or eliminate rebellion.

3. 3.Misusingof internal conflicts to achieve foreign interests, including strengthening positions of rebels, rather than protecting civilians or facilitating national solutions.

These factors make any formal commitment by Quartet covered with pressure rather than realistic solutions and Sudanese state before the responsibility of depending on its sovereignty and internal capabilities as a strategic option to achieve security and stability through its internal choices to strengthen national unity and express on Sudanese’s will and suffering, based on a perspective that stop war, and defeats its merchants and brokers.

The contradiction between words and actions:

The more the Sudanese army makes progress on the land or strengthens civilian efforts, recovery, and liberation efforts, the more pressure of Quartet and its partners. This reflects the contradiction between the Quartet's official speech, calling for a peaceful solution and civilian transition, and its actions on land.

- Attempt to restrict the army's movements and direct them within narrow limits.

- Partial or indirect support for rebels in some areas.

- Influencing any local understandings in favor of the party that serves its regional and international interests.

The result is that the Quartet is exploiting the conflict to boost its influence, out- of context of international law, and exploiting any cease fire or interim agreement to strengthen the positions of the state's opponents, while the Sudanese people suffer from the ongoing conflict, the humanitarian crisis, and horrors of war.

National Sovereignty as an unavoidable option

In this context, strengthening national sovereignty and independency in political and field decision becomes the only option to ensure Sudan's interests:

1- To depend on the National army and civilian institutions to secure the state’s stability.

2. To reject any imposed solutions or external pressures that do not take into account field achievements, national gains, and common mood of the people

3- To improve internal capacities in administration, policy and diplomacy away from foreign domination.

4- To recourse on international legitimacy through the United Nations and regional organizations, but in a way that protects the interests of the state and the people, not to strengthen rebels or foreign parties or impose their agendas and projects.

This approach ensures that any settlement or international support is effective and serves national sovereignty and is accepted by the state's leadership and its gateway through institutions, not statements, and is not a tool of pressure to impose foreign wills.

Conclusion:

The Quartet represents a foreign entity without real legitimacy, has consisted for the purposes of its own interests in Sudan. It was not chosen , but rather created itself and imposed its agenda based on factor of logic of power, interests, and influence. This statement, in its spirit and intent, represents the regional sponsor of the rebellion par exactly, and the absence of genuine support makes its interventions merely additional pressure on the state and the people. This statement violates the country's sovereignty and violates the principle of interference in its internal affairs. The various roles of the parties—the UAE as a sponsor of the rebellion, the United States as a seller of political pressure, Britain as a Pen-holder, and Saudi Arabia as a partial initiator—make clear that the Quartet seeks to impose its will, not to achieve any gains for Sudan, no to enhance its security, or respect the will of its people.

On the other hand, the reality on the ground shows that the Sudanese army can protect vital areas and strengthening civilian efforts, and that any sustainable solution must be based on:

- The national Sovereignty

- Utilizing from field- achievements

- To improve stat’s institutions and its internal capacities and to gather the national mobilization.

- To utilize from international Support for benefits of state and not for rebels or foreign forces.

Situation analysis in this way confirms that the Quartet has not provided any real benefits to the Sudanese people, and that externally imposed solutions will remain incomplete and threaten sovereignty. This makes foreign national decision-making and military and political expertise the only guarantee for Sudan's stability and to protect its people's interests, defense of its gains.

In light of the above, Sudanese people and its leadership, according to their determination and will, are the capable to overcome ravages of war, bear its consequences, and chose suitable option to their national reality. No foreign party, no matter how its power, influence, or supporting, can usurp national sovereignty or national security requirements in an open war during which Sudan has witnessed unprecedented foreign intervention and support in contemporary history. Nevertheless, the rebellion has failed to achieve the victory it seeks, nor to implement the plan drawn up by the warring parties and their numerous sponsors. This confirms that national decision-making and internal capacity to confront challenges are the true guarantee for restoring stability and protecting the interests of the state and the people. This requires rallying around the leadership and protecting the internal fabric from such encroachment out- of the context of international law and all norms and conventions. Therefore, the hoped-for joint position of the Chairman of the Sovereignty Council, Lieutenant General Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan, and the Prime Minister, Dr. Kamil Idris, regarding what was issued by this authoritarian entity, should be to the extent that meets the aspirations of this nation in the reality it lives in, which has exceeded any ceiling for sacrifices, and to shut such attempts of interference forever, and to maximize our national options. This will remain a position that history will witness and record its record in defense, pride, dignity and victory, and I am certain that this hope is in it. This courageous stance will remain in history as a record of this nation's defense of truth, pride, dignity and victory, I am certain of that.

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